Apparatus for the manufacture of ornamental rod shapes



Aug. 19, 1952 F. DE PETRILLO' 2,607,395

APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ORNAMENTAL. ROD SHAPES 4 sneets-shet 1 Filed Sept. 3, 1947 Qwucmlm flun Del Aug. 19, 1952 F. DE PETRILLO APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ORNAMENTAL ROD SHAPES Filed Sept. 3, 1947 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 g- 19, 1952 F. DE PETRILLO 2,607,395 APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ORNAMENTAL ROD SHAPES I Filed Sept. 3, 1947 4 Sheets-Sheet 15 272- INVENTOR. fiauagz? BY 1952 F. DE PETRILLO APPARATUS FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF ORNAMENTAL ROD SHAPES Filed Sept. 3, 1947 '4 Sheets-Sheet 4 INVENTQR.

Patented Aug. 19, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT for-F161;;

$607,395 APPARATUS Fort 115m; M N F oTI-iitfi or ORNAMENTAL ROD SHAPES Frank De Petrillo, Providence; R; I. v Application September 3, 1947, seriall rbfl ii nsi J My inventionrelates to improvnientsm ornamental rods bent in the form of novel spirals and improved methods and pparatus for their manufacture.

Spirals have been known since the time" of Archimedes and the word spiral defined in the New'Centu ry Dictionary as a' plane curve which runs continuously around a fixed point or centre while constantly receding ir'o'in or approaching it. The simplest spiral is that produced by looking at the end 'o'f arolled blanket, whereby the rateof increaseis equivalent tb' the thickness of the wire or material being rolled. Inthe-metal bending arts; the only spirals which have been hitherto produced have been wires or rods bent byhand, only increasing" i'na' slightly greater constant proportion, sush as the spiral produced by the die shown in Patent No; 84,181, November 17,1838. This doe's' no't" produce an'attractive spiral. a

object of: my invention, therefore, is to" provide a spiral which may be produced by" machinery or by hand, having a constantly increasing radius of curvature varying" in a definite relationship which can be automatically reproduced mechanically, i. e.,. with said radius of curvature varying with the successive lengths of radial lines joining the center of an arc, preferably a circular arc,v and apoint" moving with rectilinear translation relative to' said'a'r'c. Were it not for variations in the plasticity of'the metal employed and if the force-applied radially of the center of the-,cam'to the ortion of the'wir'e striking it were transmitted so that the bending took place there, the distances of said point traveling in a straight line away'froin the successive contacting points on the surface of the downwardly curving arc would be the respective radii of curvature of the spirals at" these points; However, in actual practice I have foun'd that the bendings do not take place atthe points of contact but substantially nearer the center of the rotating coil. or rod-, so that'thej successive radii of curvature merely varywith the successive lengths of radial lines joining'tlie center of an arc and the point movingwith' rectniriea trane lation relative to'said arc. It is obvious'that' this bending relationship can be broughtfinto' effect by a simple mechanicalmotion and Ih'av'e found that rods sobent present-a more attractive appearance than where the radiusof curvature-increases at a constant rate. I

It is appare'nt'that any desired'shapes may be bent in accordance with my improved method; whether round wire; square" wire: twistedxwire,

11 Claims; (Cl. 153-40 straight stockbr otherwise 110' produce successi'vely uniformly shaped ornamental rods of small size for" use in the jewel y: industry or of larger size for use in ornam'ei ltal architecture,

It is also apparent that'I can provide spirals having any desired. length of stems, so that they can be joined together'in pleasing groups. It is also apparent that I can provide single spirals, double similar" spirals; double reverse spirals, spirals having any desired length of stems and many types of novelishapes' including spirals etc, etc., where my'improved machineis employed, by a imme adjustment or the machine; I

Further features'ofjmy'invention reside inthe specific structure 'o'ffa'm'achi'ne which I have designed for bending rods in my novel shaped spiral; To thoroughly synchronize the'rotation of the spindle on which the split ring or rod is mounted to have the portions" thereof "some in successive contact with successive, camiportions as the cam moves with rectilinear translation relative thereto, I preferably 'provi'deunit'ary means for rotating the spindle" and advancing the spindle'so that the'c'u'rvature' imparted to said spiral may vary in proportion tosuccessive radii joining said moving axis with the center of the are" cam, which portions of therod or ring successively abut the cam as'they are bent. Itis apparent that this feature thoroughly synchronizes the movements to provide a true relative' rectilinear translation although this principle" may be". provided by other mechanisms and with ar'cuate cams having non circular arcs.

Further features'of my'invention relate to'de-' tails of construction of my improved machine, such as the meansI have'provide'd to limit longitudinal movement of the axis of rotation and the means I have'provided to vary aerate of move- Inent thereof as well as the'specific'rne'ans'I have provided for rotating and advancing thespindle in synchronism, the means I have provided for holding a ring or rod were bent in a socket in the spindle, the means I have provided for so releasing therodsfro'm their s'oeketjthe' automatic return meansI' have provided; th'enlean's I have provided to prevent backlash between the spindle gear and its driving means, the means'l have provided for adjusting the quadrant gear relative to the'spindle' gear; thenieahs'l have provided to indicate the nuinber of revolutions of the spindle dependent upon the stop limiting movementof the spindle support and the means I have provided to indicate the adjustmentoi the quadrant gear relativeto the driven spindle gear, etc.

These and such other objects of my invention as may hereinafter appear will be best understood from a description of embodiments thereof, such as are shown in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of an ornamental rod bent in the form of a spiral constructed in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a side elevation of a circular ornamental design having each end thereof bent in the shape of my improved spiral.

4 wound around and so far as the applicant is aware, these are the only spirals which have been made hitherto. These have either been bent manually or formed in a die in a manner shown in U. S. Pat. No. 84,181 aforesaid.

The applicant is the first, therefore, to provide a spiral of the type described above and such a spiral 20 is shownin its-pure form in- Fig. 1. It is apparent that having reduced the spiral to a form dependent upon a mechanical or geometric action that it is possible to automatically make plurality of spirals'having different length stems made in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 4 is a view of an ornament of fiat stock Y made up of spiral elements constructed in accordance with my invention, comprising similar double spirals and reverse double spirals;-

Fig. 5 diagrammatically illustrates my improved method of revolving a split circular wire ringon a rotating spindle, with portions thereof brought into successive contact with an arcuate cam while moving the axis of 'rotation of the spindle to which one end of the ringis attached with relative rectilinear translation relativeto said cam.

.Fig. 6 is a 'side elevation of'my improved machine for carrying out said method.

Fig. 7 is a plan view of my improved machine.

Figs. 8, 8a, 819,80 and 8d are enlarged views illustrating the bending of the wire in accordance with the method shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is an end view of the rod and. receiving socket I preferably employ in the end of the spindle showing the Wirejrod in attached position.'

Fig. 10 is an end view similar to'Fig. 9, with the rod removed. 1 v V Fig. 11 is an enlarged transverse section taken through line I ll I on Fig. 7. j

Fig.12'is anenlarged transverse section taken on line.l2l2 on Fig. 6.

In the' drawings, whereinjlike characters of reference generally indicate, like parts throughout, generally indicates an ornamental rod bent in the form of'a spiral, said spiral having a .continuously increasing radius of curvature varying with successive lengths of radial lines joining the center of an arc and a point moving with rectilinear translation relative to said arc.

As shown more particularly in, Fig. 6, such a rod may be madeby bending a split ring, rod or other shape after inserting one end thereof in a radial socket ina spindle with successive portions of the rod coming in contact with an arcuate cam, preferably a circular arc cam while said spindle is being rotated and while the axis of rotation of the spindle has relative rectilinear translation with regard to said cam or more specigcally mounting one end of a rod or split ring radially of a spindle, rotating said spindle so that the end of the rod comes into contact with the periphery of a stationary arc cam and moving the'axis of said rotating rod along a straight line tangent to said are or parallel to said tangent to provide constantly increasing. radial lines joining the center of said are and said axis, whereby the curvature imparted to said rod may vary in proportion to successive radii joining said moving axis with the center of said arc. I employ the word rod in the claims to signify a piece of rod, regardless of its shape prior to bending, i. e. whether straight, round or-otherwise.

As stated hitherto, most spirals have a radius which increases in a constant amount as it is Fig. 3 illustrates an ornament made up of ai' lsuch spirals mechanically and successively reproduce the same spiral mechanically, a feature not-possible when the spirals were made by "hand;

In addition, it is believed that the applicant has provided a more attractive spiral than the prior artspirals which increased constant amounts'and has reproduced somewhat the effect produced by the centrifugal force present in a revolving body such as the effect produced by a pinwheel firework: 'The applicant, therefore, be lieves that he has created a new article of manfacture by providing a solid shape of this well defined geometric and definable form which is more attractive in appearance than former spirals and which can be readily reproduced mechanically or by 'hand,- but,which is" peculiarly adapted for mechanicalreproduction as it may be made by standard mechnical motions.

I have'shown in Fig. 6-10 my improved embodiment of machine for successively 'making these spirals in accordance with my improved method, Figs. 2, 3, and 4 illustrating various ornaments which may be made upeither on my machine or from findings made ,by my machine. The ornamental shape 22 shown in Fig. 2 may be made from a wire three lengths the amount required for a circle of thesame 'size, i.' e., one length for the circle 24. and one length for each of the spirals 20 and 20 ;[t will be noted, however, that the ends 26 of'the spiralof less curvature overlap for a slight distance adjacent portions of the circle 24,. v This ismerely one of many typical novel shapes which may be made by .my method. Leaving ou t tl 1e extra circle 24 in Fig. 2 and imagining that' the ends 26 of thespirals 20a and 2012 were joined together it ,will be seen that a double similar spiral 28 may be produced from the same piece of wire of two circular lengths. Referring to the ornament shown in Fig. 4 such a double similar spiral 28 can be seen at the bottom thereof and two double reverse spirals '30 can'be seen at the top thereof. As stated hitherto, the wire maybe of any shape, cylindrical as shown i n;Figs.;1 and 2, or made of flat stock as shownin-Fig. 3 or 4 or of any suitable shape in section su'ch as-square, oblong, etc., and may he made of twisted wire or of multi-strand, wire, etc. 0 H 1 I Fig. 3 illustrates a novel type. of ornament 32 which may be madein accordance with my invention out ofrods to provide the long stems 34. In this instance, rods are. inserted in the spindle socket and the spiral; 20, is made with the end of the rod then running off the cam so as to leaverstems 34 of relatively. large length to provide the units 36 having the spirals 20 at one end thereof'and the stems 3A of varying length depending on the length of the 'wire initially used. Such units having stems of different lengths may be made up into any ornaments such as the attractive fan, fountain 'orpeacock tail simulating ornament .32 shown in Fig. 3. Fig. 4 is typical of anotherv type. of Ornament which-may be made upifrom fiat stock in accordance with 'iny inventionjemploying the followe ing elements i. e., an external ring 24', an-internal ring 24", the double similar spiral 28' contained within the smaller ring 24", with said ring 24 being contained within the lower'portion of the external larger ring 24 and the double reverse spirals 30 contained within the upper portion of the large ring 24' above said internal ring 24".

It is obvious that a double spiral may be readily made on my' machine by suitable adjustment thereof either from a single ring-or froma double ring, from a single by running it half wayin onedirection and then inserting the free end in the socket and again rumiing the machine for said half distance and similarly for a wire of double length. The reverse spiral 30 may be made by bending the wire in the opposite direction on its second run.

It is apparent that many variations of novel shapes may be made by my invention.

Fig. diagrammatically illustrates the method feature of my invention. A cam 38, havingan arcuate surface 49 is preferably provided. I have shown in Fig. 5 a suitable cam'for this purpose comprising a cam havinga quarter-circular cam surface 40 with the higher portion 42 thereof at the rear thereof and with the cam surface 40 extending downwardly to the lower portion 44 at the front thereof. 5 j

A spindle 46 is provided having a suitable socket 48 for receiving one end 49 of a'short piece of metal stock such as wire in the form of the split ring 50 shown, or alternatively in the form tangent to said are but which in Fig. 5 is parallel to the actual tangent at a slightly raised distance above the tangent. It is obvious that-as the axis of said rotating rod or wire is moved forwardly along the straight line 54 that successive portions of the piece of stock 50 will come into contact with successive portions of the cam and will provide continuously increasing radial lines R, R, R", R' and R"" joining the center C of said are or cam surface 40 with successive positions 10,29, 1)", and 10"" of said axis whereby the curvature imparted to said rod may vary in proportion to successive radii joining said moving axis as it moves along the line 54 with the center 0 of said are or cam surface at the successive points 52, 52, 52", 52" and 52"",the point of contact 52 occurring at the point p, the starting position of the axis of said rotating rod or wire piece.

It is apparent that the forceapplied tothe wire is radial from the center C of'the are 40 and if the wire bent exactly at its point of contact, its definition would, be simple. Due, however. to variations of the, plasticity of the wire the actual bending does not take place at the successive points 52, 52', 52", 52" and 52"", but takes place successively nearer the points. 27, p, p", 20", and.p. If the bending actually occurred at the successive points of contact the geometric definitionwould'be simple. Due to the difference in bending as actually observed on. the machine,

asimple geometric definition is not possible, but it-is obvious that the amount of bending varies in proportion to the successive radii R. R, R", R'f'and-R' exterior of the actualradius of the eamsurface or arc '40, or similar radii of an irregular arcuate'shape as a partially elliptical or other shape, if employed.

a Fig. 8 illustrates the actual successive shapes S, S, S", S' and 8"" actually produced as the ends of split ring 50 successively contact the cam points 52, 52', 52", 52 and 52"" when employed in my improved machine with standard type small brass wire, of a diameter from .052 to .073

inch. 5 l I It is apparent that I have provided a'novel method of plas'tically bending an ornamental rod or element iiithe form of a spiral with a continuously increasing radius of curvature varied in a prescribed manner which comprises revolving said rod 59 about an axis to which an end 49 of the rod isattached and relatively moving the axis of said'rod with the opposite end 52 thereof remaining in constant contact with an arcuate cam 49, with rectilinear translation relative to said cam 40 or which comprises mounting the end of a rod or shape 50 radially of a spindle 46, rotating said spindle'so that an opposite end or portion of the rod comes in constantcontact with the periphery of an arcuate cam 40- andrelatively moving said spindle and cam with rectilinear translatio'rnmore specifically moving the axis 46 ofsaid rotating rod along astraight line 54' tangent to said arc-40 or'as'shoW-nin Fig. 5 parallel to'said tangent to provide constantly increasing radial line's'RQRf, R, R' andRl' whereby the curvature imparted to said rod may vary with the lengths of said successive-radii joining said moving axis with the center of said are.

Thus, my improved method may be accomp-lished by hand, if desired, by rotating the rod and moving it by hand along the line 54 with an end 52 of the rod in contact with said cam, but it isobvious that as I have provided a device which functions along Well defined lines of 'movement that my improved exact method lends itself to precision operation of a machine and I have shown in Figs. 6-10 a'machine which I have devised for this purpose comprising a rotatable spindle 46 having a socket 48 or other means to secure the end 49 of the rod 50- thereto, the arcuate cam surface 40 preferably semi-circular and suitable means to relatively move the axis of said spindle 46 with rectilinear translation relative to said arcuate cam while maintaining the free end 52 of said rod in constant contact withsaid cam.

In the claims I employ the word rod to include a plasticizable freely bendable element, whether it comprises a straight member, a split ring or otherwise.

I have shown Figs. 6-8, the improved type of machine I have provided for bending an ornamental rod whatever its exact shape may be, in the for-mof a spiral with a continuously increasing ra'diusof curvature.

-l\/ Iy improved embodiment of machine includes in combination a table 56, a forwardly facing arcuate cam surface 4ll'rigidly mounted on said tion 46'.

7 socket. thereinfor. holding an end of an ornamentalzrodhring. or shape in contact with said cam means: 68 to rotate said spindle 46 and to simultaneously. move said support forwardly forirectilineartranslation of said rotating spindle .46 relative-to said cam surface 46. I also preferably employ in association therewith means for releasing the innerv end 64 of said spindle from .it's bearing 62 for insertion and removal of rods 56, an adjustable stop member I6- mounted on saidtable to'limit, the forward movement of said spindlesupport 58, means .12 to return said sup-port to its rearmost position, a counterbalance I4 for said return means, means 16 to prevent backlashbetween the operating gear 18 on said spindle and its, driving segment86 and means 82 to indicate the number of revolutions of said spindle, dependentwupon the adjustment of said.-

and means comprisingthe bolt 96 and locknut 92 to 'pivotally adjustably'attach the end of said radial arm 8Bto substantially the center of said toothed segment. 86, so that said segment gear 86 may be rigidly, adjustably, eccentrically mounted andI also provide means 94 to indicate the-eccentricity of mounting of said segment gear 86 on said radial arm 88 to indicate the amount of forwardmovementof saidrotating spindle 46 relative tosaid shaping cam surface 46. In my preferred .embodiment said parts are preferably constructed as follows:

Thev table 56 comprises a substantially flat standard 96 having an enlarged cutaway portion 98 centrally thereof and means such as the legs I66, to mount said" standard 96 in a raised position; The forwardlyfacing arcuate cam surface 461 is rigidly mounted on the inner side of said cutawayportion 9,8. In my preferred embodiment the spindle-support 58 is preferably constructed as follows; I provide the supporting cross brackets I62 rigidlymounted on said standard 96 in front of said cutaway portion 98, having, the horizontally spaced and aligned holes I64, therein, the spindle support 58 per se comprising the spaced rods I66 horizontally reciprocal in said cross bracket holes I64. A cross bar I68 is rigidly secured to the front ends of said rods such as by the screws H6 and a crossbar II2 isrigidly mounted on the rear ends of said rods above said cutaway portion 98. In the specific embodiment shown, the rear crossbar I I2 comprises a bracket having a flat base II4, the upstandin inner sidewall 66, the upstanding outer side wall 66 and the upstanding intermediate outer wall 66- where employed, all 'of said walls 66 66 and 66, where employed, having aligned bearing holes therein. The cross spindle 46 is preferably broken near the outer end thereof as at II8 to provide the inner main spindle portin46 and the outer spindle por- Said spindle whether broken or not is rotatably mounted in said'bearing holes, so that the inner end 64 thereof projects exterior of said inner sidewall 66 above the rear end 42 of said cam surface 46.

, Said inner" end 6 4 has the radial socket 48 therein for holding the end of the ornamental the outer spindle stub 46'.

the shape 56 from its socket 48. .of said inner end 64 with its bearing hole, said spring I46,may push said spindle inwardly so that the inner end 64 lies in operative position above the rear end 42 of said cam 46.

shape. 56.1 .I. ha e s own in the. dr w n s t e preferedtype .ofsocket I p f ab emplo .A shown in Figs-9 and losaid socket 48 comprises an axial ,hole' I26 in the inner end- 64,; of said spindle 46;havinga radial; slot I22 in the wall thereof extending axially of said hole I26 providing the edges I22 and I22 extending axially along said slot; In the embodiment shown, at least one'of said edges i. e., the edge I22 is sharpened substantially to a blade. Thus, in practice the end 49 of the shape 56 may be brought adjacent the end 64 of the spindle and inserted axially inwardly of the slot I22, providing the socket 48, the sharp edge I22 biting into the plastic wall of the rod 56 to firmly hold it in position as thespindle 46 rotates. While any suitable means may be provided to knock the rod 56 out of its socket 48, I preferably provide specific means for'this purposetobe described later. I preferably provide as part of the return mechanism the pulley I24 mounted on said spindle 46 adjacent the intermediate cross bar side wall 66, having the end of a cord I28 attached thereto, which projects downwardly therefrom through said cutaway portion 98 and has mounted on the lower end thereof the return weight I29. The .spindle gear I6 is rigidly mounted on said spindle 46 immediately outwardly of an operating pulley I36 adapted to have the end I32 of an operating cord I34 attached thereto. As stated, in order toprovide means toreadily remove the rodsfrom the axial sockets 48!]: preferably break the spindle 46 into the respective innerportion 46 and respective outer portion 46 and I mount a disk I36 on said inner spindle portion 46 near the broken portion II8 thereof and I mount a supplemental disk I38 on I provide the coil spring mean I46 abutting said respective disks I36 and I38 extending-over said broken portion I I8. Theouter end of said spindle stub 46 shown is preferably threaded' as at I42 and an adjusting thumb screw I44 is mounted on said threaded end I 42 for adjustingthe transverse movement of'said outer spindle stub 46 To release the inner end 64 of said spindle to remove the rods 56 therefrom-by abutment thereof against said inner wall 66 to urge them axially out of said socket 48, I provide the spindle inner end releasing bar I46having its pivot I48 mounted on one of said longitudinal rods I66 havin its rear end I56 pivotally secured to said inner spindle ,spindleportionmay be pushed outwards to be released from its bearing hole for removal of On realignment The adjustable stop member 16 comprises the block '16 adjustably mounted on the rods I54 rigidly mounted on the front end of said support 96 to projet forwardlytherefrom. The block I6 is provided'with -suitable holes for receiving the adjusting thumb screws I56 for securing said adjustable' blockin selected adjustable positions on said rods I54.

Y As. stated, I provide means to rotate said 'spindle' gear '18 or otherwise rotate said spindle and to preferably simultaneously move saidspindle 46 forwardly for rectilineartranslacam surface 46.

tion' of said rotating spindle 46 relative to said the pivot pin 86v In my preferred embodiment I preferably provide the same means to rotate the spindle and to advance the spindle in its straight line path, although, if desired, these means may be made separately and I provide a manual actuation for said means although it is obvious that if desired power means to actuate said spindle rotating means and spindle moving means may be employed.

In the specific mechanism shown, I provide a' single means to rotate said spindle gear 18 and to simultaneously move the spindle 46 forwardly for rectilinear translation of said rotating spindle relative to said cam. 'Said means includes said gear 18 rigidly mounted on the spindle 46 immediately exterior of the operating pulley I36. As explained hitherto, I provide the toothed segment gear 86 in mesh withsaid spindle gear 16 to move it forwardly with rectilinear translation. To so mount the toothed segment'gea'r, I provide the supporting bracket plate 84 projecting vertically from the rear end of the table 56, having transversely mounted therein. I rigidly mount the radial arm 88 on said pivot pin 86. For this purpose, the flat vertical bracket 84 has a bearing therein for the pivot pin 86 and said pivot pin comprises a bolt 86 having a head adapted to'lie on the outer surface of said bracket, and the threaded end on the inner surface of said bracket. radial arm '88 has a hole for mounting thereof on said pivot pin "between the bolt head and bracket 84and the inner endv of said pivot pin 86 is threaded and is provided with the wing nut 89 for mounting it on said bracket. As stated, the bolt 96 and locknut 92 are provided to pivotally attach the front end of the radialarm 88 to substantially the. center of said toothed segment 86, so that said segment gear may be rigidly adjustably eccentrically mountedon the endof said radial ,arm. i

As stated, I provide manual means to provide the power to rotate said spindle 46 and for this purpose in the provide the post said standard substantially centrally of the inner side of said cutaway portion 86, having the pulley I66 mounted on ,the upper end thereof. I also provide the post I62 projecting upwardly from the rear end of said standard-and an operating arm I64 horizontally pivotally mounted on said post I62 and projecting radially forwardly from said post, having an operating handle I66 on the frontend thereof, said handle being pivotal horizontally inwardly from said standard. The oper- I ating cord I34 is passed around the pulley I66 and has its rear end attached to the front end of said operating handle as at I68, the front end of said operating cord I34 being passed around and connected to the operating pulley I36 on said spindle 46 in the manner explained.- f

It is thus apparent that when the radial arm I64 is moved laterally'inwardly, the cord I34 will revolve the spindle 46, causing the spindle gear 18 to raise the segment 86,*which, as it is raised, pushes the entire spindle support 58 forwardly to move the spindle 46 in relative rectilinear translation relative to said cam surface 46.

It is apparent that if desired other'types of relative rectilinear translation may be employed and if desired power means may be provided to rotate the spindle and/ or simultaneously advance it, such a power means being readily connectable to the cord I34 in place of the operating mechanism hitherto described. I also provide means The inner end of said preferred embodiment shown I: I58 projecting upwardly from 10' to limit the downward movement of said segment gear 86, in the preferred embodiment comprising the "stop' link I16 having its front end pivotally mounted on the arm 88 on the pivot 7 rod I12 and its rear end adapted to abut the square head screw I14 on the bracket 84, it-being obvious that as the segment gear is depressed that said link I16 will abut the screw I14 to limit the downward movement of the segment.

As stated,'I also provide a suitable return mechanism I2 for returning the spindle 46 and its support 58 to its rearmost position, comprising the pulley the intermediate one end of a cord I28 attached thereto, which cord I28 projects downwardly through said cutaway portion 98 and has mounted on the lower end thereof the return weight I29. I may, if desired, provide a counterbalance forthis return weight and for this purpose I provide the-supplemental arm I15 pivotally mounted on said rod I12 for pivotally securing the front end of the link I16 to said radial arm- 88, and extending rearwardly over the pivot pin 66 and having a counterweight 14 adjustably mounted thereon.

As stated, I also provide means 16 to prevent backlash between said toothed segment 86 and spindle gear 18. In my preferred embodiment, said means comprises a backlash preventing pulley I18 mounted on the pivot 'rod I86 projecting outwardly from the front end of said standard 86. I attach the front end I82 of a cord I84 to the front crossbar I68 on the front end of the spindle supporting rods I66 and I pass said cord I84 around said pulley I18 so that it may depend downwardly therefrom and attach the backlash preventing counterweight I86 to the-lower end thereof This counterweight I86 thus urges'the spindle support 58 inwardly at all timesto keep the teeth of the gear 18 in continuous engagement with the teeth'of the segment86, so as to prevent any backlash "between said teeth.

As stated hitherto, I provide means 82 to indicate the number of revolutions of said spindle I dependent onthe adjustment of said stop block 16 limiting movement of the support 56.. Said means comprises an indicating arm I88, having its lower end rigidly mounted on said radial arm pivot pin 86 to project upwardly of the outer edge of a sector shaped scale member 82 rigidly mounted on said supporting bracket 84 by the bolts I96 immediately adjacent said indicating arm I88 and having the indicia I9I on the upper surface of the inner edge thereof. Said indicating arm I88 has the pointer I92 projecting first forwardly over the top of said scale 82 and then downwardly of said indicia I9I on the inner surface of said scale. It is apparent that the position that the pointer I82 takes relative to said indicia |9| indicates the amount of forward movement imparted by the segment 86 to said spindle support 58, said movement being limited in the manner explained by adjustment of'the stop block 16. It is obvious, therefore, that the block 16 may be set for different lengths of wire tobe processed. f

As stated, I also provide means 94 to indicate the eccentricity of the mounting of the segment gear 86 on the front of said radial arm 88 to regulate the speedof forward movement ofsaid rotating spindle relative ,to'said shaping cam surface 46, comprising the sector shaped scale. 94 having its front edge rigidly fastened to the rear edge of said segment gear 86 by the bolts I94. Said sector shaped scale '94 has an arcuate slot I24 mounted on said-spindle 46 adjacent,

crossbar sidewall 66, having I96'near the periphery thereof through which a supporting'bolt I98;projects." Said bolt I98has its outer end suitably threaded'and a locknut 200 mounted thereon sothat said segment may be firmly attached in adjustedpositions on' said radial arm. The scale also has the indicia 202 mounted thereon in arcuate formation interior of said slot I96 and the registration of the lower edge of said arm 88 against-said scale thus indicates the eccentricity of mounting of said segment 80 on said radial arm 88. It is thus apparent that the more away from the normal the segment 80 is mounted on the end of said radial arm, the greater will be the forward movement imparted to the spindle 46 and hence the greater the speed of the movement of the spindle forward relative to said shaping cam. Thus, we have found that thejamountof curvature imparted to the spiral varies inversely to the speed, a lesser amount of curvature being applied with a greater speed. Therefore, this adjustment may be'said to vary the amount of curvature in successively processed spirals of the same length or may be adjusted along with the adjustment of the stop 10 to provide the same curvature for spirals of different size and length.

Every time that the quadrant 80 is adjusted, it is desirable to adjust the position of the cam 38 so that the socket 48 will be in the same relative'position relative to the cam and for this purpose the cam 38 is rigidly attached to a cam block 2I0 by a bolt 2 I2 and the block 2| is longitudinally adjustable relative to said support 56, byadjusting the positions of the locking bolts 2M in the longitudinal locking slots 2I6 in the block lpllOI to screwing them fast to the table 56. I have found, however, 'thatthe same cam 38 may be retained to make any desired variations in size of the rods produced,'although if desired cams 38 of diiferent shapes may be substituted therefor as previously stated I have already explained how the different shapes shown in Figs 1-4 may be made on my improved machine. To vary the amount of increase of the spiral, the setting of the segment 80 on the end of the radial arm is varied. The more it is bent inwardly away from the normal the greater the increase in curvature of the spiral. Variations in the position of the block I0 merely afiect thelength of the wire bent and thus if it be desired to create similar shapes for different sizes, all three adjustments, i. e., adjust-: ment of the segment 80 on the end of the radial arm 88,-adjustment of the block I0 and adjustment of the cam 4 hitherto explained must be made.

As stated, one or more spirals may be made out of a single ring, such as the single spiral shown in Fig. 1, or the double similar spiral shown in Fig. 2, andthe double reverse spirals shown in Fig. 4. If desired, any number of spirals may be made out of a single ring. but I have found that for-small rings it is practical to make four' only. a

In operation; it is only necessary to insert the end of a rod or ring within the socket. 48, as shown in Fig. 9, so that a portion 52 of the rod or ring abuts the cam surface 40, the handle I65 is pulled inwardly and the desired spiral is formed. 'I

If it be desired to eject the rod from the socket 48, the ejecting handle I52 is pulled inwardly which pulls the interior end 64 of the spindle portion 46% through its bearing ejecting the formed shape 50 therefrom. The end 64 is again realigned with its bearing when the spring. II8 pushes it inwards and the hand may be removed from the handle I66 to permit the return weight I29 to bring the machine back to starting position. The same operation may be repeated as long as desired to successively produce similar spirals. When it is desired to produce diiferent shaped spirals, the machine is adjusted in the manner hitherto described.

It is apparent, therefore, that I have provided a novel type of spiral ornament, a novel method of bending shapes into different spirals and a novel machine for so bending said shapes, with the advantages set forth hitherto.

It is understood that my invention is not lim ited to the specific embodiments shown or methods described and that various deviations may be made therefrom without departin from the spirit and scope of the appended claims..-

WhatIclaim'is: H 1 1. In a machinef-or bending an'ornamental rod in the form of aspiralwith a continuously increasing radius of curvature, in combination, a table, a forwardly facing arcuate cam rigidly mounted on said table, a spindle support longitudinally slidab ly mounted on said table having upwardly projecting side walls, having aligned bearing holes therein, a spindle rotatably mounted in said bearing holes so that the inner end thereof projects interior of the inner side wall above the rear endof said cam, said end having a socket therein for holding an end of an ornamental rod in contact with said cam, and means to rotate said spindle, and to simultaneously move said support forwardly for rectilinear translation of said rotating spindle relative to said cam. 2. In a machine for bending an ornamental rod in the form of a spiral with a continuously increasin radius of curvature, in combination, a table, a forwardly facing arcuate cam rigidly mounted on said table, a spindle support longitudinally slidably mounted on said tabl having upwardly projecting side walls, having aligned bearing holes therein, a spindle rotatably mounted in said bearing holes so that the inner end thereof projects interior of the inner side wall above the rear end of said'cam, said end having a socket therein for holding an end of an ornamental rodin contact with said cam, comprising an axial bore in the inner end of said spindle having a radial slot in the wall thereof extending axially of said bore and having at least one edge thereof sharpened substantially to a blade, and means to rotate said spindle, and to simultaneously move said support forwardly for rectilinear translation'of said rotating spindle relative to said cam.

3. In a machine for bending an ornamental rod in the form of a spiral witha continuously combination, a

increasing radius of curvature, in table, a

forwardly facing substantially quarter: circular walls, having aligned bearing holes therein, a spindle rotatably mounted in said bearing holes so that the inner of the inner side wall above the rear 'end of said cam, said end having a socket therein for holding an end of said cam, and means to rotate said spindle, and to simultaneously move said support forwardly for rectilinear translation of said rotating spindle relative to said cam. r

end thereof projects interior an ornamental rod in contact with 4.- In a machine for bendin an ornamental rod in the form of a spiral with a continuously increasing radius of curvature, in combination, a

table, a forwardly facing arcuate cam rigidly mounted on said table, a spindle support longitudinally slidably mounted on said table having upwardly projecting side walls, having aligned bearing holes therein, a spindle rotatably mounted in said bearing holes so that the inner end thereof projects interior of the inner side wall above the rear end of said cam, said end having a socket therein for holding an end of an ornamental rod in contact with said cam, and means to rotate said spindle, and means to simultaneously move said support forwardly for rectilinear translation of said rotating spindle relativ to said cam.

5. In a machine for bending an ornamental rod in the form of a spiral with a continuously increasing radius of curvature, in combination,

a table, a forwardly facing substantially quarter-' circular cam rigidly mounted on said table, a spindle support longitudinallyslidably mounted on said table having upwardly projecting side walls, having aligned bearing holes therein, a spindle rotatably mounted in said bearing holes so that the inner end thereof projects interior of the inner side wall above the rear end of said cam, said end having a socket therein for holding an end of an ornamental rod to be brought into contact with said cam, comprising an axial bore in the inner end of said spindle having a radial slot in the wall there-of extending axially of said bore and havin at least one edge thereof sharpened substantially to a blade, means for releasing th inner end of said spindle from its bearing for removal of rods from said socket and means to rotate said spindle and to simultaneously move said carriage forwardly for rectilinear translation of said rotating spindle relative to said cam.

6. In a machine for bending an ornamental rod in the form of a spiral with continuously increasing radius of curvature, incombination, a

table, a forwardly facing arcuate cam rigidly mounted on said table, a spindle support longitudinally slidably mounted on said table having upwardly projecting side walls, having aligned bearing holes therein, a spindle rotatably mounted in said bearing holes so that the inner end theretaneously move said carriage forwardly for rectilinear translation of said rotating spindle relative to said cam and means to return said support to its rearmost position.

7. In a machine for bending an ornamental rod in the form of a spiral with a continuously increasing radius of curvature, in combination, a table, a forwardly facing arcuate cam rigidly mounted on said table, a spindle support longitudinally slidably mounted on said table, having upwardly projecting side walls, having aligned bearing holes therein, a spindle rotatably mounted in said bearing holes so that the inner end thereof projects interior of the inner side wall above the rear end of said cam, said end having a socket therein for holding an end of an ornamental rod to be brought into contact with said cam, a gear rigidly mounted on said spindle, means to rotate said spindle and to simultaneously move said carriage forwardly for rectilinear translation of said rotating spindle relative'to said cam, comprising a toothed segment gear in mesh with said spindle gear, a supporting bracket projecting vertically from the'rear end of said table, having a pivot pin transversely mounted therein, a radial rod mounted on the pivot pin' an'd: means to pivotally adjustably attach the end. of said radial arm to substantially the center of said toothed segment gear, so that said segment gear may be rigidly, adjustably, eccentricallymounted; and means to indicate the eccentricity of the mounting of said segment gear on said radial arm to regulate the amount of forward movement of said rotating spindle relative to said shaping cam.

8. In a machinefor bending :anornamental rods in the form of a spiral with a continuously increasing radius 'of curvaturai'n combination, a substantially flat standardhaving an elongated cutaway portion centrally thereof; means to mount said standard in a raised position, a forwardly facing arcuate cam rigidly mounted on one side of said cutaway portion, supportingcross brackets rigidly mounted 'on said standard in front of said cutaway portion having horizontally spaced and aligned holes therein, a longitudinally slidable spindle support comprising rods horizontally reciprocal in said cross brackets, a cross bar rigidly secured to the front endsof said rods and a cross bar rigidly mounted'on' the rear ends of said rods above said cutaway portion', having upwardly projecting side walls 'adjacent the rear end thereof having aligned bearing holes therein, a spindle rotatably mounted'in said bearing holes so that the inner end thereof project's interior of v said inner side wall-above the rear end of said cam, said inner end having a'socket therein for holding the end of an "ornamental rid, 'a gear rigidly mounted on 'said'spindla-means to rotate said spindle and to simultaneously m'ove said carriage forwardly for rectilineartranslation of said rotating spindle "relative o'saidcam, comprising a toothedsegmentge in" mesh with said spindle gear, a supporting ='bracket 'projecting vertically from the rear 1 end of *said" standard, having a pivot pin transversely mounted therein, a radial rod mounted onthe' pivot pin and means to pivotally adjustably attach the end of said radial rod to substantially the center of said toothed segment gear, so that -said segment gear may be rigidly adjustably eccentricallymounted.

9. In a machine for bending an ornamental rod in the form of a spiral with a continuously-increasing radius of curvature, in combination, a substantially flat standard having an elongated cutaway portion centrally thereof, means to mount said standard in a raised position, a forwardly facing arcuate cam rigidly mounted on one side of said table, a'spindle support longitudinally slidably mounted on said table, having upwardly projecting side walls adjacent the rear end thereof, having aligned bearing holes therein, a spindle rotatably mounted in said bearing holes so that the inner end thereof projects interior of said inner side wall above the rear end of said cam, said inner end having a socket therein for holding the end of an ornamental rod, a gear rigidly mounted on said spindle, means to rotate said spindle, and to simultaneously move said carriage forwardly for rectilinear translation of said rotating spindle relative to said cam, comprising a toothed segment gear in mesh with said spindle gear, a supporting bracket projecting vertically from the rear end of said standard, having a pivot pin transversely mounted therein, a radial rod mounted on the pivot pin and means to pivotally adjustably attach the end of said radialrod to substantially the center of said toothed segment gear, so that said segment gear may be rigidly adjustably eccentrically mounted and means to indicate the eccentricity of'the mounting 'of said segment gear on said radial arm to regulate the amount of forward movement of said rotating spindle relative to said shaping cam, comprising a sector shaped scale projecting rearwardly from said segmental gear having indicia thereon anda pointer mounted on the radial arm to designate the angularity of eccentricity of the mounting of said segmental gear thereon.

10. In a machine for bending an ornamental rod in the form of a spiral'with a continuously increasing radius of curvature, in combination, a substantially fiat standard havingan elongated cutaway portion centrally thereof, means to mount said standard in a raised position, a forwardly facing arcuate cam rigidly mounted on one side of said table, a spindle support longitudinallyslidably mounted on said table,'having upwardly projecting side walls adjacent the rear end thereof, having aligned bearing holes therein, a spindle rotatably mounted in said bearing holesv so that the inner end thereof projects interior of said inner side wall above the rear end of said cam, said inner end having a socket therein for holding the end of an ornamental rod, a gear rigidly mounted on said spindle, a supplemental pulley mounted on said spindle, means to rotate said spindle, and to simultaneously move said carriage forwardly for rectilinear translation of said rotating spindle relative to said cam, comprising a toothed segment gear in mesh with said spindle gear, a supporting bracket projecting vertically from the rearend of said standard, having a pivot pin transversely mounted therein, a radial rod mounted on the pivot and means to pivotally adjustably attach the end of said radial rod to substantially. the center of said toothed segment gear, so that said segment gearmay be rigidly adjustable eccentrically mounted, a cord attached to saidsupplemental spindle pulley and extending downwardly through said cutaway portion having a return weight on the lower end thereof.

11. In a machine for bending an ornamental rod in the form of a spiral with a continuously increasing radius of curvature, in combination, a substantially'fiat standard having an elongated cutaway portion centrally thereof, means to mount said standard in a raised position, a forwardly facing arcuate cam rigidly mounted on one side of said table, a spindle support longi- 16 tudinally slidably mounted on said table, having upwardly projecting side walls adjacent the rear end thereof, having aligned bearing holes therein, a spindle rotatably mounted in said bearing holes so that the inner end thereof projects interior of said inner side wall above the rear end of said cam, said inner end having a socket therein for holding the end of an ornamental rod, a gear rigidly mounted on said spindle, a supplemental pulley mounted on said spindle, means to rotate said spindle, and to simultaneously move said carriage forwardly for rectilinear translation of said rotating spindle relative to sad cam, comprising a toothed segment gear in mesh with said spindle gear, a supporting bracket projecting vertically from the rear end of said standard, having a pivot pin transversely mounted therein, a radial rod mounted on the pivot pin and means to pivotally adjustably attach the end of said radial rod to substantially the center of said toothed segment gear, so that said segment gear may be rigidly adjustably eccentrically mounted, a cord attached to said supplemental spindle pulley and extending downwardly through said cutaway portion having a return weight on the lower end thereof, and a supplemental arm having a counterweight thereon pivotally mounted on said radial arm pivot pin to counter balance the return weight.

FRANK DE PETRILLO.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name 1 Date 240,288 Wagner Apr. 19, 1881 277,988 Burk May 22, 1883 378,334 Pemberton Feb 21, 1888 548,903 Wood Oct. 29, 1895 691,598 Christopherson Jan. 21, 1902 725,026 Boehm Apr. 14, 1903 904,563 Rau Nov. 24, 1908 1,192,631 Hick July 25, 1916 1,503,272 Lewellyn July 29, 1924 1,627,604 Hittle May 10, 1927 1,790,216 Appleby Jan. 27, 1931 1,976,093 Raymond Oct. 9, 1934 2,218,620 Lyons Aug. 30, 1938 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 466,812 France Mar. 13, 1914 550,923 Great Britain Feb. 1, 1943 

